{"id":2402,"date":"2015-03-21T21:05:49","date_gmt":"2015-03-21T19:05:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/albaiulia\/?p=2402"},"modified":"2016-11-29T20:28:34","modified_gmt":"2016-11-29T18:28:34","slug":"invazia-tatara-din-1241","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/invazia-tatara-din-1241\/","title":{"rendered":"Invazia t\u0103tar\u0103 din 1241"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #141823;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Unul dintre cele mai negre episoade din istoria Transilvaniei \u015fi a \u0162\u0103rilor Rom\u00e2ne, a fost invazia t\u0103tar\u0103 din (1241 &#8211; 1243). Dup\u0103 moartea <strong>Ginghis\u2013Khan<\/strong>, imperiul mongol, va fi divizat \u00eentre patru dintre fiii acestuia: Giuci, Giagatai, Ogodai \u0219i Tului.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #141823;\"> <span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00cemp\u0103r\u021birea imperiului avea s\u0103-l defavorizeze pe Giuci, care prin fii s\u0103i: Batu-Khan, Orda, Siban \u0219i Berke, va dob\u00e2ndi teritoriile de la apus, care nu apar\u021bineau mongolilor, fiind ocupate de cumani, ru\u0219i \u0219i rom\u00e2ni.<br \/>\nProblema lu\u0103rii \u00een st\u0103p\u00e2nire a acestui imens teritoriu, a fost ridicat\u0103 de c\u0103tre Giuci \u0219i fii s\u0103i \u00een Adunarea General\u0103 a principilor mongoli (Curiltai) \u00een anul 1229. Pu\u0163in mai t\u00e2rziu se echipeaz\u0103 o armat\u0103 de aproximativ 150.000 de oameni, pus\u0103 sub comanda lui Batu-Khan.<br \/>\nOpera\u021biunile militare \u00eencep \u00een prim\u0103vara anului 1236, \u0219i, pe r\u00e2nd, sunt supu\u0219i bulgarii, cumanii \u0219i alanii de pe Volga (1236-1238). Cade si Kievul, la 6 decembrie 1240.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2403\" src=\"http:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/tatar2-300x199.jpg\" alt=\"tatar2\" width=\"300\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/tatar2-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/tatar2-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/tatar2.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Expansiunea regatului maghiar la est \u0219i sud de Carpa\u021bi \u0219i acceptul regelui Bela al V-lea (1235\u20131270) privind azilul politic acordat lui Kotian \u0219i cumanilor s\u0103i, vechii du\u0219mani ai mongolilor, au atras aten\u021bia mongolilor. \u00cen aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, marele khan t\u0103tar Batu hot\u0103r\u0103\u0219te pedepsirea Ungariei \u0219i face preg\u0103tirile necesare pentru invadarea ei.<\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Prima coloan\u0103 t\u0103tar\u0103 condus\u0103 de c\u0103tre generalii Cadan \u0219i Buri pleac\u0103 din Podolia, intr\u0103 \u00een Moldova de nord \u0219i trec \u00een Transilvania prin trec\u0103toarea C\u00e2rlibaba (Pasul T\u0103tarilor) \u00een cursul lunii martie 1241 dupa care se \u00eempart \u00een dou\u0103 \u015fi ataca Oradea.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Rogerius, \u00een lucrarea sa \u201c<strong>Carmen Miserabile super Destructione Regni Hungariae per Tartaros<\/strong>\u201d (C\u00e2ntec de jale despre distrugerea Regatului Maghiar de c\u0103tre T\u0103tari) poveste\u0219te cum, reu\u0219ind s\u0103 scape cu via\u021b\u0103 \u00een urma c\u0103derii cet\u0103\u021bii Oradiei, a plecat \u00eenso\u021bit de c\u00e2teva c\u0103l\u0103uze la ad\u0103postul p\u0103durilor, \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103-\u0219i caute un ad\u0103post. Cele dou\u0103 coloane, ajunse \u00een fa\u021ba ora\u0219ului Oradea, organizeaz\u0103 atacul \u0219i cucerirea ei.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Corpul de oaste al lui Calcan intr\u0103 \u00een Transilvania prin pasul Oituz, devast\u00e2nd comunit\u0103\u021bile secuie\u0219ti din actualele jude\u021be Covasna \u0219i Harghita (Terra Zek), de unde \u0219i-au continuat drumul c\u0103tre Blaj \u015fi apoi \u00a0<strong>Alba Iulia<\/strong>. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ora\u0219ul de la Alba Iulia \u00a0v\u0103zut de Rogerius \u00een prim\u0103vara anului 1242 era <strong>un co\u0219mar plin de \u201coase \u0219i capetele celor uci\u0219i\u201d<\/strong>, \u201ciar zidurile bisericilor \u0219i palatelor d\u0103r\u00e2mate \u0219i risipite erau stropite cu s\u00e2ngele oamenilor, v\u0103rsat din bel\u0219ug\u201d. De la Alba Iulia, <strong>Calcan<\/strong> se \u00eendreapt\u0103 \u00een grab\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 mai insiste \u00een devastarea a\u0219ez\u0103rilor, spre Cenad ca s\u0103 fac\u0103 jonc\u021biunea cu armata lui Bochetor.<br \/>\nDup\u0103 distrugerea \u0219i arderea Cenadului, armatele lui Bochetor \u0219i Calcan se vor \u00eent\u00e2lni cu coloanele conduse de c\u0103tre Cadan \u0219i Buri, \u00een fa\u021ba ora\u0219ului Arad.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2404\" src=\"http:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/tataar1-300x204.jpg\" alt=\"tataar1\" width=\"300\" height=\"204\" srcset=\"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/tataar1-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/tataar1-150x102.jpg 150w, https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/tataar1.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Batu-Khan avea s\u0103 ajung\u0103 \u00een fa\u021ba Pestei la 17 martie 1241 dar vestea mor\u021bii marelui han Ogodai, la 11 decembrie 1241, survenit\u0103 \u00een urma unei be\u021bii cumplite schimb\u0103 situa\u021bia. Av\u00e2ndu-se \u00een vedere c\u0103 alegerea noului han se f\u0103cea de c\u0103tre adunarea general\u0103 a principilor mongoli, \u00een prezen\u021ba tuturor pretenden\u021bilor, Batu-Khan hot\u0103r\u0103\u0219te, \u00een luna martie 1242, ridicarea asediului \u0219i retragerea trupelor t\u0103tare din Ungaria \u0219i \u021a\u0103rile Rom\u00e2ne. Retragerea s-a f\u0103cut foarte \u00eencet, \u00eencep\u00e2nd din martie 1242 \u0219i va dura p\u00e2n\u0103 la \u00eenceputul anului 1243. <strong>Rogerius, prizonier la t\u0103tari, pove\u0219teste c\u0103 retragerea se va dovedi mai pustiitoare dec\u00e2t invazia t\u0103tar\u0103<\/strong>&#8230;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Unul dintre cele mai negre episoade din istoria Transilvaniei \u015fi a \u0162\u0103rilor Rom\u00e2ne, a fost invazia t\u0103tar\u0103 din (1241 &#8211; 1243). Dup\u0103 moartea Ginghis\u2013Khan, imperiul mongol, va fi\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":2403,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8857],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","localitate-alba-iulia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2402","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2402"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2402\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2403"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/alba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}