{"id":111278,"date":"2024-04-30T17:11:31","date_gmt":"2024-04-30T14:11:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/albaiulia\/?p=111278"},"modified":"2024-04-30T17:13:22","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T14:13:22","slug":"monumentul-de-pe-dealul-furcilor-locul-de-supliciu-al-conducatorilor-rascoalei-din-1784-horea-closca-si-crisan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urbeamea.ro\/albaiulia\/monumentul-de-pe-dealul-furcilor-locul-de-supliciu-al-conducatorilor-rascoalei-din-1784-horea-closca-si-crisan\/","title":{"rendered":"Monumentul de pe Dealul Furcilor. Locul de supliciu al conduc\u0103torilor R\u0103scoalei din 1784: Horea, Clo\u0219ca \u0219i Cri\u0219an"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ne continu\u0103m c\u0103l\u0103toria noastr\u0103 \u00een municipiul Alba Iulia, \u0219i ajungem la un loc \u0219i la un monument \u00eenc\u0103rcat de \u00eensemn\u0103tate istoric\u0103 a jude\u021bului Alba \u0219i a locuitorilor din zona Mun\u021bilor Apuseni. <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0103 vom prezenta \u00een cele ce urmeaz\u0103 povestea monumentului situat pe Dealul Furcilor din Alba Iulia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Istoria monumentului de pe Dealul Furcilor <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Monumentul este ridicat pe locul unde \u00een diminea\u021ba de 28 februarie 1785, conduc\u0103torii r\u0103scoalei \u021b\u0103r\u0103ne\u0219ti din Transilvania, Horea \u0219i Clo\u0219ca de c\u0103tre autorit\u0103\u021bile austriece.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obeliscul \u00eenchinat lui Horea, Clo\u0219ca \u0219i Cri\u0219an a fost ridicat 26 septembrie 1926, de c\u0103tre comunitatea local\u0103 din urbea albaiulian\u0103, lucru inscrip\u021bionat \u00een marmur\u0103 pe soclul acestuia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

” Aici au fost fr\u00e2n\u021bi pe roat\u0103 la 28 II 1975, Horia \u0219i Clo\u0219ca conduc\u0103torii r\u0103scoalei din Mun\u021bii Apuseni. Peste jertfa lor de s\u00e2nge, azi str\u0103luce\u015fte soarele libert\u0103\u021bii”.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen antichitate pe Dealul Furcilor se afla necropola ora\u0219ului roman Apulum, iar \u00een evul mediu a fost locul de tortur\u0103 \u0219i execu\u021bie al ora\u0219ului Alba Iulia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pozi\u021bia acestuia era, \u00eens\u0103, de cealalt\u0103 parte a Dealului, spre sud, mai aproape de actualul cartier Parto\u0219.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cum la momentul inaugur\u0103rii monumentului, informa\u021bia nu erau cunoscut\u0103, s-a crezut c\u0103 locul execu\u021biei liderilor R\u0103scoalei din 1784-1785 este aproape de cel \u00een care a \u0219i fost amplasat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Monumentul, un obelisc din piatr\u0103 \u00eenalt de 4 metri, a fost a\u0219ezat pe soclul respectiv \u00een anul 1965, fiind placat cu marmur\u0103 \u0219i este m\u0103rginit de st\u00e2lpi lega\u021bi prin lan\u021buri \u0219i globuri metalice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00cen 28 februarie 1959, este pus\u0103 o nou\u0103 plac\u0103 comemorativ\u0103 dedicat\u0103 conduc\u0103torilor R\u0103scoalei \u021b\u0103r\u0103ne\u0219ti din Transilvania, de c\u0103tre elevii fostului Liceu \u201eMihai Viteazul\u201d, care \u00een acel an prelua numele de \u201eHorea, Clo\u0219ca \u0219i Cri\u0219an\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

„Admira\u021bie \u0219i recuno\u0219tin\u021b\u0103 ve\u0219nic\u0103 lupt\u0103torilor pentru libertate \u0219i dreptate social\u0103 – Horia, Clo\u0219ca \u0219i Cri\u0219an. Omagiul nostru c\u0103peteniilor r\u0103scoalei din 1784, cu prilejul atribuirii numelui „Horia, Clo\u0219ca \u0219i Cri\u0219an”, \u0219colii medii din Alba – Iulia”.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Horea \u015fi Clo\u015fca au fost captura\u0163i \u00een mun\u0163i, la 27 decembrie 1784, \u00een urma unei vaste ac\u0163iuni de urm\u0103rire. Odat\u0103 prin\u015fi, prizonierii au fost transporta\u0163i \u00een grab\u0103 sub escort\u0103 militar\u0103 la Abrud. De la Abrud, unde escorta a fost mult m\u0103rit\u0103, au fost du\u015fi la Alba Iulia, unde au ajuns la 2 ianuarie 1784.
Cri\u015fan, cel de-al treilea conduc\u0103tor al r\u0103scoalei, a fost prins abia dup\u0103 o lun\u0103, la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul lunii ianuarie. Dup\u0103 \u00eenfr\u00e2ngerea de la Mih\u0103ileni, el s-a refugiat la C\u00e2mpeni, unde s-a desp\u0103r\u0163it de ai s\u0103i, apuc\u00e2nd-o \u00een direc\u0163ia opus\u0103, adic\u0103 pe valea Arie\u015fului spre Turda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Familia sa era la C\u0103rpini\u015f \u015fi ar fi vrut s\u0103 o vad\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 \u015ftia c\u0103 era urm\u0103rit de trupele austriece. A r\u0103t\u0103cit pe poteci mai pu\u0163in umblate, a ocolit c\u0103tunele, prefer\u00e2nd regiunea cet\u0103\u0163ilor Ponorului, \u015fi-a schimbat hainele cu ni\u015fte zdren\u0163e pentru a p\u0103rea un cer\u015fetor. \u00cens\u0103, c\u00e2\u0163iva \u0163\u0103rani, \u00een schimbul recompensei b\u0103ne\u015fti promise, i-au ajutat pe solda\u0163ii imperiali s\u0103 \u00eel aresteze. A fost dus sub escort\u0103 la Alba-Iulia, unde a ajuns la 1 februarie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cei trei prizonieri au fost \u00eencarcera\u0163i \u00een temni\u0163e diferite, fiind \u00eencredin\u0163a\u0163i Comisiei de judecat\u0103 pentru cercet\u0103ri, condus\u0103 de comisarul imperial, contele Anton von Jankovich, sosit de la Viena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen urma procesului intentat celor trei conduc\u0103tori ai r\u0103scoalei, la 25 februarie 1875 este pronun\u021bat\u0103 sentin\u021ba prin care sunt condamna\u021bi la moarte, prin zdrobirea corpului cu roata de „jos \u00een sus”, adic\u0103 de la fluierele picioarelor spre cap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sentin\u0163a fusese hot\u0103r\u00e2t\u0103 de \u00eemp\u0103rat \u00eenc\u0103 din 10 ianuarie, \u00een acela\u015fi timp cu spectacolul macabru al execu\u0163iei: „Trebuia sa se dea un exemplu tare, dar aceasta s\u0103 se organizeze \u00een a\u015fa fel \u00eenc\u00e2t ace\u015fti nemernici s\u0103 fie condu\u015fi nu numai \u00eentr-un singur loc, ci \u00een mai multe, unde ei au comis marile lor tic\u0103lo\u015fii, pentru a fi ar\u0103ta\u0163i ca pild\u0103 de \u00eensp\u0103im\u00e2ntare poporului de jos \u015fi complicilor lor am\u0103gi\u0163i, iar apoi s\u0103 fie executa\u0163i \u00eentr-un mod spectaculos, \u00eentr-o zi dinainte anun\u0163at\u0103, \u00eentr-un loc vizibil, unde s\u0103 se poat\u0103 str\u00e2nge cel mai mare num\u0103r cu putin\u0163\u0103 dintre supu\u015fi \u015fi unde mai sunt \u00eenc\u0103 spiritele cele mai r\u0103zvr\u0103tite”, arat\u0103 ordinul imperial de execu\u0163ie, trimis contelui Jankovich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La 28 februarie 1875, pe Dealul Furcilor de l\u00e2ng\u0103 Alba Iulia, \u00een fa\u0163a unei mul\u0163imi formate din \u0163\u0103rani adu\u015fi din satele apropiate s\u0103 participe la execu\u0163ie, Clo\u015fca a fost primul fr\u00e2nt pe roat\u0103. Horea era \u0163inut de ajutoarele c\u0103l\u0103ului, fiind obligat s\u0103 priveasc\u0103 tortura prin care urma s\u0103 treac\u0103 \u015fi el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apoi, le-au fost t\u0103iate capetele, iar trupurile au fost ciop\u00e2r\u0163ite pentru a fi trimise \u00een diferite locuri ale r\u0103scoalei \u015fi expuse la r\u0103scruce de drumuri, conform recomand\u0103rii \u00eemp\u0103ratului. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceea\u015fi pedeaps\u0103 a fost aplicat\u0103 \u015fi trupului ne\u00eensufle\u0163it al lui Cri\u015fan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ne continu\u0103m c\u0103l\u0103toria noastr\u0103 \u00een municipiul Alba Iulia, \u0219i ajungem la un loc \u0219i la un monument \u00eenc\u0103rcat de \u00eensemn\u0103tate istoric\u0103 pentru zona jude\u021bului Alba \u0219i a Mun\u021bilor Apuseni. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":111283,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8857,24746],"tags":[5718,24986],"class_list":["post-111278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","category-reportaje","tag-dealul-furcilor","tag-horea-closca-si-crisan"],"yoast_head":"\nMonumentul de pe Dealul Furcilor. 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